21-OHAb RIA Kit (50 or 100 tubes)Technical information
RSR's assay for 21-OH autoantibodies is based on highly purified, ¹²⁵I-labelled, recombinant human 21-OH. In the assay, test serum samples are first incubated with ¹²⁵I-labelled 21-OH. This is followed by the addition of solid phase protein A to precipitate labelled 21-OH-21-OH antibody complexes. After centrifugation, the precipitates are counted for ¹²⁵I and the amount of radioactivity in the precipitates is proportional to the concentration of 21-OH antibody in the test sample.

GADAb ELISA Kit (96 wells)Technical information
RSR has developed a new highly sensitive and specific GADAb ELISA. ELISA plate wells are coated with GAD and after incubation with test sera, antibodies monovalently bound to the coated wells are detected by addition of GAD-biotin. The biotinylated antigen binds to the free second antigen binding sites of bound autoantibodies. Streptavidin peroxidase and the substrate TMB are then used to quantitate bound biotinylated antigen with the final absorbance reading being proportional to the amount of autoantibody in the test sample

IA-2Ab ELISA Kit (96 wells)Technical information
RSR has also developed a new highly sensitive and specific IA-2Ab ELISA using the same principle as the RSR GADAb ELISA. ELISA plate wells are coated with IA-2 and after incubation with test sera, antibodies monovalently bound to the coated wells are detected by addition of IA-2-biotin. The biotinylated antigen binds to the free second antigen binding sites of bound autoantibodies. Streptavidin peroxidase and the substrate TMB are then used to quantitate bound biotinylated antigen with the final absorbance reading being proportional to the amount of autoantibody in the test sample

2 Screen ICA ELISA Kit (96 wells)Technical information
In addition to GADAb and IA-2Ab ELISAs RSR has developed a highly sensitive and specific 2 Screen GAD/IA-2 Ab ICA ELISA which detects both GADAb and IA-2Ab simultaneously. ELISA plate wells are coated with a mixture of GAD and IA-2 and after incubation with test sera, antibody monovalently bound to the coated wells is detected by addition of GAD/IA-2-biotin. The biotinylated antigens bind to the free second antigen binding sites of the divalent autoantibodies. Streptavidin peroxidase and the substrate TMB are then used to quantitate bound biotinylated antigen with the final absorbance reading being proportional to the amount of autoantibodies in the test sample.

GADAb RIA Kit (50 or 100 tubes)Technical information
In RSR's GAD autoantibody assay, test serum samples are incubated, first with ¹²⁵I-labelled human recombinant GAD 65. This is followed by addition of solid phase protein A to precipitate the labelled GAD-GAD antibody complexes. After centrifugation, the precipitates are counted for ¹²⁵I and the amount of radioactivity in the precipitate is proportional to the concentration of GAD antibody in the test sample.

IA-2Ab RIA Kit (50 or 100 tubes)Technical information
In RSR's IA-2Ab assay, test serum samples are incubated first with ¹²⁵I-labelled human recombinant IA-2. This is followed by addition of solid phase protein A to precipitate the labelled IA-2-IA-2 antibody complexes. After centrifugation, the precipitates are counted for ¹²⁵I and the amount of radioactivity in the precipitate is proportional to the concentration of IA-2 antibody in the test sample.

IAA RIA Kit (50 or 100 tubes)Technical information
In RSR's Insulin antibody (IAA) assay, test serum samples are incubated first with ¹²⁵I-(A14)-monoiodinated insulin. This is followed by addition of anti-human IgG to precipitate any labelled Insulin-Insulin antibody complexes which have formed. After centrifugation, the precipitates are counted for ¹²⁵I and the amount of radioactivity in the precipitate is proportional to the concentration of IAA in the test sample.

AChRAb RIA Kit (25, 50 or 100 tubes)Technical information
A carefully balanced mixture of detergent solubilised foetal and adult forms of the AChR is the optimum preparation for AChRAb assays. Consequently a mixture of these 2 receptors labelled with ¹²⁵I-labelled alpha bungarotoxin provides the basis for RSR's AChRAb assay kit. In the assay, labelled receptors are incubated with test sera and any resulting complex of labelled receptor and receptor antibody immunoprecipitated with anti-human IgG. The higher the concentration of autoantibody, the greater the amount of radioactivity precipitated. The kit is easy to use and provides a specific and sensitive assay, being able to detect AChRAb in 80-90% of patients with myasthenia gravis.

AChRAb ELISA Kit (96 wells)Technical information
The AChRAb ELISA depends on the ability of AChRAb in human serum to bind to similar sites on the AChR as various monoclonal antibodies such as MAb1 (coated on ELISA plate wells) and/or MAb2 and/or MAb3 (which are both labelled with biotin). In the absence of AChRAb a complex is formed between MAb1 coated on the plate wells, the AChR and MAb2 biotin and MAb3 biotin. MAb2 and MAb3 biotin bound are then detected by addition of streptavidin peroxidase (SAPOD), substrate (TMB) and stop solution. In the presence of AChRAb the formation of the MAb-1-AChR-MAb2/MAb3 biotin complex is inhibited, resulting in less SAPOD being bound and a reduction in final absorbance at 450nm. The higher the concentration of AChRAb in the test serum, the greater the inhibition of MAb biotin binding.

AQUAPORIN-4 (AQP4)Ab ELISA KIT (96 wells) Technical information
The AQP4Ab ELISA depends on the ability of AQP4 antibodies in human serum to bind to AQP4 coated onto ELISA plate wells. Bound antibodies are detected by adding biotinylated AQP4 which, due to the divalent nature of antibodies can interact with bound AQP4 antibodies. The amount of biotinylated AQP4 bound is then determined by addition of streptavidin peroxidase (SA-POD), substrate (TMB) and stop solution. The higher the concentration of antibody in the test serum, the higher the absorbance. The kit is easy to use and provides a specific and sensitive assay, being able to detect AQP4 Ab in about 90% of patients with Neuromyelitis optica.

LEMS RIA Kit (12 or 25 tubes) Technical information
The assay depends on the use of detergent solubilised P-type VGCCs extracted from rabbit cerebellum and labelled with ¹²⁵I-labelled w-conotoxin MVIIC. The ¹²⁵I-labelled P-type VGCCs are then incubated with test sera and the resulting complexes immunoprecipitated with anti-human IgG. The higher the concentration of autoantibody, the greater the amount of radioactivity precipitated. Non-specific binding in the assay is determined using a preparation of VGCCs supplied in the kit which have been labelled with ¹²⁵I-conotoxin in the presence of an excess of unlabelled conotoxin.

TRAb Coated Tube RIA Kit (60 or 100 tubes) Technical information
TSH receptor autoantibodies in patients' sera are allowed to interact with TSH receptor coated onto plastic tubes. Bound TRAb are detected by their ability to inhibit the binding of ¹²⁵I-labelled TSH to the receptor coated tubes and TRAb levels are read off a standard curve or expressed as an inhibition index.

TRAb RIA Kit (50 or 100 tubes) Technical information
TRAb inhibit the binding of ¹²⁵I-labelled TSH to detergent solubilised TSH receptors in a dose dependent way and bound and free labelled TSH separated by PEG precipitation. TRAb levels are read off a standard curve or expressed as an inhibition index.

TRAb ELISA Kit (96 wells)Technical information
TSH receptor autoantibodies in patients' sera are allowed to interact with TSH receptor coated onto ELISA plate wells. Bound TRAb are detected by their ability to inhibit the binding of TSH (in the form of TSH-Biotin) to the receptor coated wells. The amount of TSH-Biotin bound is then monitored by addition of streptavidin peroxidase and the peroxidase substrate tetramethyl benzidine. TRAb levels are expressed as an inhibition of TSH binding index or read off a standard curve. A new version of the TRAb ELISA uses competition between patient sera TRAb and a thyroid stimulating human monoclonal antibody (M22) for TSH receptor coated onto ELISA plate wells. This third generation TRAb ELISA displays excellent sensitivity. Furthermore another version of the TRAb ELISA assay is now available, RSR’s Fast TRAb ELISA. In this assay M22 is coupled directly to peroxidase allowing fewer steps and shorter assay time.

TgAb Coated Tube RIA Kit (100 tubes) Technical information
The TgAbCT kit uses tubes coated with Tg antibody and the autoantibodies in patient serum samples inhibit the binding of ¹²⁵I-labelled Tg to the coated tube. The assay procedure is simple and involves only one incubation of undiluted serum and tracer in the coated tubes.

TgAb Direct RIA Kit (50, 100 or 500 tubes) Technical information
This method is based on the direct interaction between the autoantibodies and ¹²⁵I-labelled Tg and is one of a generation of quantitative assays which have the following features: high sensitivity, flexible design, high precision, easy handling, high specificity, no interference from other antibodies. Studies with different groups of patients show that the direct assays are of greater diagnostic value than less sensitive methods.

TgAb Magnetic RIA Kit (100 tubes) Technical information
This method is based on the direct interaction between the autoantibodies and ¹²⁵I-labelled Tg, with separation of the labelled complex using protein A coupled to a magnetic solid phase. The assay offers a high sensitivity, specificity and precision along with simple use and short incubation times.

TPOAb Coated Tube RIA Kit (100 tubes) Technical information
The TPOAbCT kit uses tubes coated with an antibody to TPO and the autoantibodies in patient serum samples inhibit the binding of ¹²⁵I-labelled TPO to the coated tube. The assay procedure is simple and involves only one incubation of undiluted serum and tracer in the coated tubes.

TPOAb Direct RIA Kit (50, 100 or 500 tubes) Technical information
This method is based on the direct interaction between the autoantibodies and ¹²⁵I-labelled TPO and one of a generation of quantitative assays which have the following features: high sensitivity, flexible design, high precision, easy handling, high specificity, no interference from other antibodies. Studies with different groups of patients show that the direct assays are of greater diagnostic value than less sensitive methods.

TPOAb Magnetic RIA Kit (100 or 200 tubes) Technical information
This method is based on the direct interaction between the autoantibodies and ¹²⁵I-labelled TPO, with separation of the labelled complex using protein A coupled to a magnetic solid phase. The assay offers a high sensitivity, specificity and precision along with simple use and short incubation times.

Recombinant Human TPO (freeze-dried or in frozen solution) Specification